We have traced trial advocacy from the development of the adversarial justice system where trial advocates were mainly focused on winning cases no matter the tactic this led to several criticisms especially the multiple duties of a trial advocate professional ethics competence and the method of learning trial advocacy skills. The book is divided into two parts part one provides a general discussion of the rules of conduct part two considers the essential basic trial skills oral communication preparation for trial the opening address examination in chief cross examination re examination and closing argument. The 20 basic principles of effective trial advocacy 1 be brief long winded lawyers are boring 2 be positive emphasize the strengths of your case rather than the weaknesses of your opponents take a firm stand and stick to it dont waffle no whining 3 be clear about what you want. Advocacy is a type of problem solving designed to protect personal legal and social rights and to insure a dignified existence to the client whom the advocate represents effective advocacy is built on a broad based analytical approach to problem solving and involves all other skills of advocates also